What is the recommendation concerning writing and witnessing a will?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Bequests
Primary text
It is recommended that the testator write their will and have it witnessed, as this offers better preservation and caution regarding its contents. The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated, "It is not appropriate for a Muslim who possesses something he wishes to bequeath to spend two nights without his will being written down with him." Companions recorded the customary opening phrases in their wills, often including the Shahada (testimony of faith), affirming the Oneness of God, the prophethood of Muhammad (peace be upon him), the certainty of the Hour, and resurrection. They also advised their families to fear God, reconcile their affairs, and obey God and His Messenger, echoing the advice of Abraham to his sons.
Supporting text
The writings of companions like Ibn Mas'ud and Abu al-Darda' indicate specific wording including acknowledgment of God, the Hereafter, acceptance of faith, and denial of Taghut (false deities). Ibn Mas'ud's will also appointed his successors for matters of his estate and stipulated conditions for his daughters' marriages. Abu al-Darda's will mentioned specific amounts allocated from his wealth.