What is the required standard of knowledge for the witnesses who testify regarding the deceased and the absence of other heirs?

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Our associates state that the ruling holds whether the two witnesses possess intrinsic knowledge (*al-khibra al-batina*) or not. If the witnesses lack intrinsic knowledge and long-standing familiarity, their testimony is insufficient to negate the existence of other heirs, as their ignorance is not proof of absence. In this case, the property is held in abeyance (*mawquf*), and the present heir does not receive his share until the judge investigates the relevant areas and announces a proclamation that if an heir exists, he must appear. Once the judge is reasonably confident that any existing heir would have come forward, the present heir receives his share. Whether a guarantee is then required remains subject to two views.