What linguistic forms are valid for expressing exception?

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The exception is valid regardless of the specific word used, provided it is one of the particles of exception. The particle 'illa' (except) is the most common, but exceptions are also valid using nouns such as 'siwa' (other than), verbs such as 'laysa' (is not) or 'yakun' (it is not), and particles such as 'hasha' (save for) and 'khala' (except for). The validity of the exception applies across these different grammatical categories.