What is the ruling if a man makes simultaneous, independent conditional divorce statements based on the divorce of each of his three wives?
Chapter on Explicit Divorce and Others
Al-Mughni
Book of Divorce
Primary text
If a man states to Zainab: If I divorce Umrah, you are divorced. Then to Umrah: If I divorce Hafsah, you are divorced. Then to Hafsah: If I divorce Zainab, you are divorced. If he divorces Zainab, all three are divorced. Zainab is divorced directly, and Hafsah conditionally. The divorce of Hafsah counts as an effective divorce upon her, which is the condition for Umrah's divorce, so she is divorced as well. The validity of this rests on the fact that the divorce of Hafsah was an initiated divorce upon her by conditioning her divorce on Zainab's divorce, after Umrah's divorce was conditioned on Hafsah's divorce, and its condition was fulfilled. The condition and its fulfillment both occurred after placing the condition on Umrah's divorce.
Supporting text
If he divorces Umrah, she and Zainab are divorced, but Hafsah is not divorced. If he divorces Hafsah, she and Umrah are divorced, but Zainab is not divorced, consistent with the previous issue.