What are the required conditions for the ten poor recipients of the expiation feeding?

Primary text

Four descriptions must be met by those who receive the feeding for expiation. First, they must be poor (masakin). This refers to the two categories mentioned for Zakat (the poor and the needy), as need is the basis for both. The expiation payment must be made to them exclusively, not to other categories of Zakat recipients or others, because the command specified the needy, and the amount given is minor, intended for a single day's sustenance, which is insufficient for those with greater needs. Second, they must be free people; it is not permissible to give it to a slave, a freed slave with residual obligation (mukattab), or a mother who bore a child to her master (Umm Walad). Malik and Al-Shafi'i hold this view. Third, they must be Muslims; it is not permissible to give it to a non-believer, whether a protected subject (dhimmi) or a hostile combatant (harbi). Fourth, they must have eaten the food, meaning that if the recipient is an infant who has not yet eaten solid food, payment to them is not sufficient according to the apparent view of Al-Khiraqi and the statement of Al-Qadi, although there is another narration permitting payment to an unweaned child whose guardian receives it on their behalf.