Does applying Kohl (eyeliner) break the fast?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Fasting
Primary text
Applying Kohl breaks the fast if its taste is found in the throat or if its arrival there is certain. This ruling is explicitly stated by Ahmad. The basis for nullifying the fast in such cases is the transmission of something forbidden to ingest by the mouth to the throat, similar to introducing it through the nose. Furthermore, the argument that the eye is not a pathway is invalid because the taste is indeed found in the throat. The evidence cited against the prevailing view—that the Prophet (peace be upon him) applied Kohl while fasting in Ramadan—is that this narration is not authenticated; Al-Tirmidhi stated that nothing sound has been narrated from the Prophet concerning Kohl for a fasting person. If the taste is found in the throat, it is treated as if it reached there from an opening, analogous to a deep wound (Ja'ifah) causing one to break the fast.
Supporting text
If the Kohl used is a small amount of unperfumed Ithmid (antimony), such as what is applied with a stick, it does not break the fast, according to Ahmad. Ibn Aqil stated that if the Kohl is pungent or sharp, it breaks the fast, but otherwise, it does not. This latter view aligns with what the companions of Malik stated. A view similar to that of Ahmad holds that substances like Zuroor, Aloe (Sabr), and drops (Qutur) break the fast if their taste is found in the throat.