What is the consequence for delaying the makeup fasts of Ramadan past the subsequent Ramadan without a valid excuse?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Fasting
Primary text
If the delay past the next Ramadan occurs due to a valid excuse, only the makeup fast is required. If the delay occurs without a valid excuse, then in addition to the makeup fast, there is an expiation (Fidya) required: feeding one poor person for every missed day. This is the position of Ibn Abbas, Ibn Umar, Abu Hurayrah, Mujahid, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, Malik, Al-Thawri, Al-Awza'i, Al-Shafi'i, and Ishaq. The evidence for this is what is narrated from Ibn Umar, Ibn Abbas, and Abu Hurayrah that they stated: 'Feed for every day a poor person.' Furthermore, delaying the Ramadan fast from its time, if it does not mandate Qada' through death, mandates Fidya, similar to the case of an elderly person (Al-Shaykh Al-Haram).
Supporting text
Al-Hasan, Al-Nakha'i, and Abu Hanifah rule that no expiation (Fidya) is due because it is an obligatory fast, and no expiation is required for delaying its fulfillment, just as with delaying the performance of a vow.