What is the ruling on fasting if one is in a state of unconsciousness (*ighma'*) for the entire day during Ramadan?

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If one is unconscious for the entire day and does not regain consciousness at any point, the fast for that day is invalid, according to Imam Ahmad and Al-Shafi'i. This is because fasting is defined as abstention coupled with intention. The Prophet, peace be upon him, stated, "Allah the Exalted says: Every deed of the son of Adam is for him except for fasting, for it is for Me, and I shall reward it, as he abandons his food and drink for My sake." If one is unconscious, the abstention cannot be attributed to him for Allah's sake.