Does swallowing one's own saliva break the fast?

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Swallowing saliva that cannot be avoided, such as when it is naturally occurring, does not invalidate the fast because avoiding it is difficult, akin to road dust or sifting flour. This ruling is supported by the necessity of ease in religious practice, which implies that unavoidable actions do not constitute breaking the fast. If a person intentionally gathers their saliva and then swallows it, it does not break the fast because it enters the stomach from the mouth, similar to when it is not gathered.