Is compensation due for damages inflicted by rebels among themselves or by them upon others outside the state of war?

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If a rebel causes destruction to another person, whether before or after the state of war, the destroyer is liable for compensation. This is the view of Al-Shafi'i. Evidence supporting the requirement for retribution (qisas) is seen when the Kharijites killed Abdullah ibn Khabbab, prompting Ali to demand retribution. Similarly, when Ibn Muljam killed Ali outside of battle, retribution was sought against him.