Must a person who joins the funeral prayer late (al-Masbuq) make up the missed Takbirs (Allahu Akbar)?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Funerals
Primary text
It is recommended (sunnah) for the one who joins the funeral prayer late to make up the missed Takbirs. This position is held by Sa'id bin Al-Musayyab, 'Ata, Al-Nakha'i, Al-Zuhri, Ibn Sirin, Qatadah, Malik, Al-Thawri, Al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion (Ashab al-Ra'y). If the latecomer says the final Taslim before making up the missed parts, there is no issue. This is the view of Ibn Umar, Al-Hasan, Ayyub Al-Sakhtiyani, and Al-Awza'i, who maintain that the missed Takbirs should not be made up. Ahmad stated that if one does not make them up, it is of no consequence.
Supporting text
There is a view that if the latecomer says the final Taslim before completing the missed Takbirs, their prayer is invalid. This is the doctrine of Abu Hanifa, Malik, and Al-Shafi'i, based on the hadith, "Whatever you catch, pray, and whatever you miss, complete it," and by analogy with other prayers. The counter-evidence is the statement of Ibn Umar, who had no known dissent among the Companions, and a hadith from Aisha where the Prophet (peace be upon him) told her, regarding any missed Takbir, "What you heard, say Takbir for it, and what you missed, there is no making up for you." Furthermore, the analogy to other prayers is refuted because the isolated Takbir is not made up in other prayers, and it contradicts the ruling concerning the Takbirs of Eid.