What is the definitive criterion for the prerequisite of Ability (Istita'ah) for Hajj?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Hajj
Primary text
The stipulated Ability for Hajj is the possession of provisions (Zad) and a means of transport (Rahilah). This view is held by Al-Hasan, Mujahid, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, Al-Shafi'i, and Ishaq, and it is what the people of knowledge operate upon. The Prophet, peace be upon him, explained the meaning of 'the way' (Sabīl) as 'provisions and means of transport,' which necessitates adherence to his explanation, as supported by narrations from Jaber, Abdullah ibn Umar, Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, Anas, and Aisha. Since Hajj is an act of worship involving long-distance travel, provisions and transport are stipulated for its obligation, similar to Jihad.
Supporting text
Ikrimah held that Ability is physical health. Al-Dhahhak suggested that if one is young, they should rent themselves out for their food and transport until they complete the rites. Malik held that if one can walk and customarily begs from people, Hajj is obligatory upon them because this constitutes ability in their case, equivalent to possessing provisions and transport. However, these alternative views are considered burdensome or specific exceptions not constituting general ability.