Is it permissible for a person in Ihram to carry a sword?
Chapter on What the Muhrim Must Avoid and What is Permissible for Him
Al-Mughni
Book of Hajj
Primary text
It is permissible to carry a sword upon necessity, supported by the ruling of Malik, Ata, Al-Shafi'i, and Ibn al-Mundhir. This is evidenced by the peace treaty of Hudaybiyyah where the Prophet, peace be upon him, allowed the people of Mecca to enter only with weapons in their scabbards, implying permission when security is a concern.
Supporting text
Al-Hasan disliked carrying a sword. Ahmad ruled against it unless there is a necessity (fear), based on Ibn Umar's statement that a pilgrim should not carry weapons in the Haram. Carrying a water skin on the neck is permissible without expiation, suggesting that carrying a sword should also be permissible by analogy unless explicitly prohibited.