Is participation (shirka) allowed in a large sacrificial animal (Badanah or cow)?
Chapter on Ransom (Fidyah) and Penalty for Hunting
Al-Mughni
Book of Hajj
Primary text
Participation by seven individuals is permissible in a large sacrificial animal, whether the sacrifice is obligatory or voluntary. This permissibility holds whether all participants intend the sacrifice as an act of worship (qurbah) or if some intend the worship while others intend only to consume the meat. The evidence supporting this view is the narration of Jabir, which refutes the opinion of Malik. The basis for validity is that the minimum requisite portion for fulfilling the obligation is not diminished by the intention of a co-sharer to seek something other than the primary act of worship, analogous to cases where participants intend different types of worship (e.g., Tamattu' versus Qiran). Furthermore, dividing the meat afterward is permissible because division is merely the segregation of an established right, not a sale.
Supporting text
Malik prohibits participation in the Hady (sacrificial offering). Abu Hanifa permits participation only if all participants intend the sacrifice as an act of worship; otherwise, if some do not intend the worship, it is impermissible.