What physical positions suffice for fulfilling the obligation of standing at Arafat?
Chapter on the Description of Hajj
Al-Mughni
Book of Hajj
Primary text
The standing at Arafat is valid regardless of how the pilgrim is situated at Arafat, provided they are sane. Standing is fulfilled whether the pilgrim is standing, sitting, riding, or sleeping. If one passes through Arafat without realizing it was Arafat, the Hajj is still valid.
Supporting text
Abu Thawr stated that passing through without intention does not suffice, as standing requires intent. The general evidence for sufficiency relies on the comprehensive statement of the Prophet, peace be upon him: "Whoever witnesses our prayer here, and stands with us until we depart, having stood at Arafat before, whether by night or day, has completed his Hajj and removed his state of Ihram." Abu Thawr, al-Hasan, Al-Shafi'i, Ishaq, and Ibn al-Mundhir hold that if one stands while unconscious (maghloob 'ala 'aqluhu) or insane and does not regain senses until after leaving, the standing is invalid. 'Ata and the companions of Al-Ra'y (Abu Hanifa) permit it for the unconscious person.