Is pilgrimage (Hajj or Umrah) permitted on behalf of a living person?

Primary text

Pilgrimage, whether obligatory or voluntary, is not permissible on behalf of a living person unless that person grants permission. This ruling is based on the principle that any act of worship allowing deputization (Niabah) generally requires the consent of the principal, similar to Zakah. Therefore, deputizing a living, mature, and sane person without their consent is forbidden.