What are the precise meanings of the prohibited ear defects for sacrifice?
Chapter on Ransom (Fidyah) and Penalty for Hunting
Al-Mughni
Book of Hajj
Primary text
The term *muqābalah* signifies cutting the tip of the ear. *Mudābarah* refers to cutting the posterior part of the ear. *Kharqā'* means the ear has been pierced. *Sharqā'* refers to the ear being split and remaining like two protrusions, or having the ear split for the purpose of branding (*simah*). The view of Al-Qadi defines *kharqā'* as the ear being pierced and *sharqā'* as the ear being split such that it remains like two erect points.