What is the ruling when an agent performs an act of pilgrimage different from what the principal instructed, regarding a deceased person?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Hajj
Primary text
If an agent is instructed to perform Hajj for a living person but instead performs Umrah, and this substitution is valid for a deceased person, the act counts as performed for the deceased, provided the deceased was the intended beneficiary in such a scenario where substitution is permissible. If the instruction was for the deceased, the act is valid for the deceased.
Supporting text
When the agent performs an act different from the instruction (e.g., Umrah instead of Hajj) for a living person, it does not count for the living person due to lack of permission, and it counts for the agent. When the substitution is valid for the deceased (i.e., the agent performs an act that counts for the deceased even if the deceased was not explicitly named), the act is attributed to the deceased.