Is there punishment for a conditional statement of accusation (Qadhf)?

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There is no punishment (Hadd) for one who says, 'Whoever throws me is the son of an adulteress,' even if another man throws him. This is the position held by scholars, as the statement is conditional and not a direct accusation against a specific, identified person. Similarly, if two men dispute something and one states, 'The liar is the son of an adulteress,' there is no Hadd upon him. Imam Ahmad stated this ruling because he did not specify any single individual with the accusation of unlawful sexual intercourse.