What are the required conditions for the permissibility of game taken by projectile or trained beast, and when must the naming (Tasmiyah) occur?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Hunting and Slaughter
Primary text
The conditions for hunting with a projectile mirror those for a trained beast, except for the requirement of prior training (Ta'lim). The Tasmiyah must be made at the moment of shooting the arrow, thrusting the spear, or striking, as this constitutes the operative action by the hunter. A slight preceding delay in the Tasmiyah is permissible, similar to the ruling on intention in acts of worship. Furthermore, the hunter must intend to hunt; if one aims at a target, a person, a stone, or shoots aimlessly without intending game, and kills an animal, it is not lawful to eat.
Supporting text
Malik stated that if a dog is sent for a specific animal and catches another, it is unlawful because the intention was not directed toward the killed game. However, if the dog is sent after large game and subsequently catches smaller game that scatter from it, the smaller game becomes lawful.