Must all members of the contingent share in a specifically designated voluntary gift (Nafil) for a scouting party (Sariyyah)?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Jihad
Primary text
If a scouting party (Sariyyah) is sent and a specific portion, like one-third or one-fourth, is designated as Nafil and granted to some members who performed specific deeds, but not others, the Nafil must be shared among all members of that initial designated group. This sharing occurs because those who did not act specifically still exerted effort based on the pre-agreed condition, and they are entitled to the benefit by way of consensus based on the prior stipulation, similar to the division of the overall spoils.
Supporting text
When the Nafil is specifically granted as a reward for an individual's unique achievement, such as singling out a fighter for his bravery or granting a specific person a reward like the woman granted to Abu Bakr, that individual exclusively retains the Nafil. This exclusivity is established precedent, as seen when the Prophet (PBUH) allowed the killer to keep the slain enemy's Salab, or when Salama bin al-Akwa' was singled out for the extra share. Such individual rewards serve as an incentive for risking one's life, and reserving the reward for the performer is necessary to achieve the intended religious benefit.