To whom is the command of Jihad entrusted?

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The command of Jihad is exclusively entrusted to the Imam (ruler) and is subject to his independent judgment (*ijtihad*). The subjects are obligated to obey the Imam's decisions regarding Jihad. The Imam should begin by arranging forces at the borders of the lands to counter the polytheists opposite them, ordering the construction of their forts, digging of their trenches, and attending to all associated necessities. An Amir (commander) must be appointed for every region to manage warfare and the conduct of Jihad. This appointee must possess sound judgment, intellect, valor, insight into warfare and enemy deception, trustworthiness, gentleness, and sincerity toward Muslims. This arrangement is prioritized because the borders cannot be secured from the polytheists otherwise.