Is it permissible to intentionally cripple or kill the enemy's livestock out of spite or to cause demoralization outside of active warfare?

General Chapter

Al-Mughni

Book of Jihad

Book 54 · Issue 3 · Bab 1

Open in Qurani

Primary text

It is not permissible to cripple the enemy's livestock outside the state of war solely for the purpose of grieving them or causing them corruption, according to Al-Awza'i, Al-Layth, Al-Shafi'i, and Abu Thawr. The prohibition is based on the testament of Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq to Yazid, where he commanded: "...and do not cripple a beast of burden, nor a sheep, except for eating." Additionally, the Prophet (PBUH) prohibited the deliberate killing of livestock (*sabr*). Such an act is also prohibited because the animal holds a degree of sanctity, similar to women and children.

Supporting text

Abu Hanifa and Malik permit this, arguing it serves to grieve and weaken the enemy's strength, resembling the killing of their animals during active combat.