Are there exceptions to the prohibition of turning away from the enemy in battle?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Jihad
Primary text
Fleeing is permissible if the intention is not to retreat to regroup with a larger force (tahayyuz ila fi'a) or to maneuver for a better fighting position (mutaharrifan li-qital). This exception is based on the verse: Except for one maneuvering either for battle or rejoining another company (Quran 8:16). Maneuvering for battle includes retreating to a position with a tactical advantage, such as avoiding the sun or wind, moving from a low ground to high ground, moving from a dry area to one with water, breaking enemy ranks, separating their cavalry from their infantry, finding an opportunity for attack, or taking cover behind a mountain.
Supporting text
Regrouping with a company (tahayyuz ila fi'a) means moving to join a contingent of Muslims for reinforcement, regardless of the distance between the two groups, even if one contingent is in Khurasan and the other in Hijaz. This is supported by reports concerning the Prophet's statement, 'I am a company for you,' and Umar's declaration, 'I am a company for every Muslim.'