What are the essential components required for the validity of a Dhimma (covenant of protection) contract?

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The Dhimma contract is only valid if two specific conditions are stipulated: the commitment to pay the Jizya (poll tax) and the acceptance of governance under Islamic law (Aḥkāmūnā). If either of these two elements is omitted from the agreement, the contract is null. Furthermore, the cessation of fighting against Muslims is implicitly required; even if not explicitly stated, the stipulation of a treaty inherently entails this cessation.