Is it necessary to mention the defendant's presence when issuing the sijill?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Judiciary
Primary text
It is not necessary to mention the defendant's presence because a ruling against an absent person (al-gha'ib) is permissible. However, if the judge wishes to mention it as a precaution, he should state: 'after the presence of one against whom the claim was validly brought.'