Is maintenance obligatory upon the manumitter (Mawla) for his freed slave (Atiq) if the latter is poor and the manumitter is wealthy?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Maintenance (Nafaqāt)
Primary text
Maintenance is obligatory upon the manumitter for his freed slave if the slave is poor and the manumitter possesses wealth. This is established on the principle that maintenance is incumbent upon the heir, and the manumitter is the heir of his freed slave. Evidence includes the verse: "And upon the heir is like that" (Quran 2:233), and the Hadith stating, "Your mother and your father, and your sister and your brother, then the nearest of kin to you, the nearest, and your patron (Mawla) who follows that, a right incumbent, and a relationship connected." Furthermore, since the freed slave inherits the manumitter through 'asabah (agnatic relationship), maintenance is incumbent upon him, similar to the father.
Supporting text
Malik, Al-Shafi'i, and the Companions of Al-Ra'y rule that maintenance is not obligatory upon the manumitter, based on their foundational principles.