What is the ruling on a child born to a freed female slave (*mukatabah*) after her emancipation agreement, but before the final act of manumission by her master?

General Chapter

Al-Mughni

Book of Mukātaba (Contractual Manumission)

Book 68 · Issue 1 · Bab 1

Open in Qurani

Primary text

If a child is born to a *mukatabah* after the start of her freedom contract but before the master fully emancipates her, the child is subject to the same ruling as the mother regarding emancipation. Emancipation occurs based on whichever of the two causes (the contract or the birth) precedes the other. This is because the child follows the status of the mother. If the *mukatabah* dies, the child retains only the cause related to the *istīlād* (acknowledgement/conception during servitude) for manumission.