What are the correct letters used to form an oath?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Oaths
Primary text
There are three primary letters used for oaths: the *Baa'* (ب), which is the original particle and can be attached to both manifest and hidden pronouns. The *Waw* (و) is a substitute for the *Baa'*, is more commonly used, and appears in most oaths in the Quran and Sunnah; it attaches only to manifest nouns, not pronouns. The *Taa'* (ت) is a substitute for the *Waw* and is exclusively used with the specific name of God, Allah (e.g., *Tallah*); it cannot be used with other names of God like *Ar-Rahman* or *Ar-Rahim*.
Supporting text
The *Baa'* is considered the origin because it is the particle used to make intransitive verbs transitive, mirroring the implied structure in an oath, such as *Uqsimu Billah* (I swear by Allah), as referenced in Quran 6:109.