Is the call to prayer (Adhan) legislated for travelers, such as shepherds?
Chapter on Adhan
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
The call to prayer is legislated for travelers and those in similar situations, according to the opinion of the majority of scholars. The evidence is the established practice of the Prophet, peace be upon him, who performed the Adhan in both residence and travel. This is supported by the Hadiths of Abu Qatada, Imran, and Ziyad ibn al-Harith, as well as the Prophet's command to Malik ibn Huwayrith and his companion. Furthermore, performing the Adhan is preferable because of the reports from Abu Sa'id and Anas. A narration from 'Uqba ibn 'Amir states that the Prophet, peace be upon him, said that Allah admires a shepherd who calls the Adhan and prays on a mountain peak, promising forgiveness and Paradise for him.
Supporting text
It is reported that Ibn 'Umar would recite the Iqamah for every prayer except Fajr, for which he would call the Adhan and recite the Iqamah. He held that the Adhan is the duty of the authority figure (Amir), and the Iqamah is for the one who gathers the people. It is also reported from him that he did not recite the Iqamah in lands where the prayer was already established.