Should the *Imam* recite 'Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim' audibly?
Chapter on the Description of Prayer
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
The *Imam* should not recite 'Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim' audibly. There is no differing narration from Ahmad stating that reciting it audibly is not prescribed (Sunnah). This is the practice of most Companions and Successors, including Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. Evidence includes the narration of Abu Hurairah regarding the division of prayer, which begins with 'Alhamdulillah Rabbil 'Alamin,' implying the omission of the *Bismillah* from the opening discourse.
Supporting text
Al-Shafi'i and others hold that it should be recited audibly in loud prayers, citing narrations from Abu Hurairah and Anas that the Prophet (PBUH) recited it audibly. However, the proof for silent recitation is stronger, as the narrations supporting audible recitation are considered weak or inconsistent when compared to the established narrations confirming the silent recitation, which are sound and undisputed.