Is it permissible to combine (Jam') prayers when there is no necessity, such as fear or rain?

Chapter on the Traveler's Prayer

Al-Mughni

Book of Prayer

Book 3 · Issue 1 · Bab 11

Open in Qurani

Primary text

Combining prayers (Jam') is not permissible for anyone other than those previously mentioned (not detailed here). The authoritative position relies upon the general narrations concerning the fixed timings of prayers. The narration regarding Ibn Abbas, where the Prophet (peace be upon him) combined prayers without fear or rain, is interpreted by the majority as occurring during a state of illness. Furthermore, combining is permissible for those facing hardship, such as a nursing woman, a weak elderly person, or similar individuals for whom leaving the combination causes difficulty. Another possible explanation for the narration is that the Prophet performed the first prayer at the end of its time and the second at the beginning of its time.

Supporting text

Ibn Shubrumah permitted combining if there was a need or some valid reason, provided it was not taken as a habit. This was based on the narration of Ibn Abbas, who stated the Prophet (peace be upon him) combined prayers so as not to place hardship upon his Ummah (nation).