Is minor vomit excused in prayer?
Chapter on Praying with Impurity and Other Matters
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
There are differing narrations concerning minor vomit. One narration from Ahmad treats it as equivalent to blood because it is an impure discharge originating from the body through a non-standard passage. Similarly, regarding pre-ejaculatory fluid (madhy), Ahmad required washing of the stained garment unless the amount was minor, a view shared by Sa'id ibn al-Musayyab, Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, Abu Salama ibn Abd al-Rahman, and Sulayman ibn Yasar, who likened it to a running sore. Exemption for minor amounts is granted due to the difficulty in avoiding excessive amounts expelled by young men, analogous to blood. The same ruling applies to seminal fluid if deemed impure.
Supporting text
Regarding prostatic fluid (wadiy), the apparent position from Ahmad is that it follows the ruling of urine because it exits from the same passage. Ahmad is also reported to have excused minor amounts of the saliva and sweat of mules and donkeys, based on the difficulty of avoidance. This extension includes the excreta (urine and feces) of predatory beasts other than dogs and pigs, and the urine of bats, as avoiding it completely, especially in mosques where bats frequent, is difficult.