Can one recite the Tashahhud and Salat 'ala an-Nabi in a language other than Arabic?
Chapter on the Description of Prayer
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
It is not permissible for one capable of speaking Arabic to recite the Tashahhud and the blessings upon the Prophet (PBUH) in any language other than Arabic, based on the reasoning provided for the *Takbir* (opening declaration). If one is incapable of Arabic, they recite it in their tongue, similar to the ruling on the *Takbir*. Anyone capable of learning the Tashahhud and the blessings upon the Prophet (PBUH) is obliged to do so, as they are individual obligations (*fard 'ayn*), like the recitation of the Quran.
Supporting text
If one prays before learning it while being capable, their prayer is invalid. If one fears missing the time limit of the prayer or is unable to learn it, they recite what they can manage, and it suffices out of necessity. If they cannot recite anything at all, the entire requirement is waived.