Does the prayer become invalid if only a small portion of the 'awrah (intimate parts) is uncovered?

Chapter on the Description of Prayer

Al-Mughni

Book of Prayer

Book 3 · Issue 1 · Bab 5

Open in Qurani

Primary text

The prayer is not invalidated if a minor portion of the 'awrah becomes uncovered. Ahmad and Abu Hanifa adhere to this view. The evidence is the narration by Abu Dawud, Al-Nasa'i, and others, wherein 'Amr ibn Salama al-Jurmi stated that while leading prayer wearing a small patched garment, his backside would become uncovered upon prostration. A woman commanded that the 'awrah of their reciter be covered, and he subsequently received a shirt. This incident was widespread and was not negated by the Prophet, peace be upon him, nor any of his companions. Furthermore, what is permissible in case of necessity (like uncovering a large area) should not invalidate prayer when only a small area is uncovered when there is no necessity. Also, avoiding minor unveilings is difficult, so it is pardoned, similar to minor amounts of blood.

Supporting text

Al-Shafi'i maintains that the prayer is invalidated because uncovering the 'awrah is a matter governed by a ruling concerning the 'awrah itself, meaning little and much are equivalent, similar to the ruling concerning looking (at the 'awrah).