Is the purity of clothing and the place of prayer a condition for the validity of prayer?
Chapter on Praying with Impurity and Other Matters
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
Purity from impurity concerning the body of the worshipper and their clothing is a condition for the validity of the prayer according to the majority of scholars. This view is held by Ibn Abbas, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, Qatadah, Malik, Al-Shafi'i, and the Companions of Al-Ra'y (Hanafi school). The evidence supporting this is the Divine saying: "And your garments, purify them" (Quran 74:4). Ibn Sirin interpreted this as purification by water. Furthermore, the Prophet (peace be upon him) stated that one of the two individuals being punished was someone who did not guard himself against his urine, as narrated in the Muttafaqun 'alayh collections. Purity of clothing is considered a condition because it is one of the two types of purification, analogous to ritual purity from minor or major impurity (Hadas), which is a condition for prayer.
Supporting text
A dissenting opinion, narrated from Ibn Abbas, states that there is no requirement regarding clothing bearing the impurity of *janabah* (sexual impurity). Similarly, Al-Harith Al-'Uqli and Ibn Abi Layla held that no repetition of prayer is required due to impurity on clothing. Tawus observed a large amount of blood on his garment while praying and paid it no mind. When Sa'id ibn Jubayr was asked about a man who prayed after seeing filth on his garment, he directed the questioner to recite the verse concerning the washing of garments.