Which qualification takes precedence for leading prayer between proficiency in recitation (Qira'ah) and jurisprudence (Fiqh)?
Chapter on Imamate and Congregational Prayer
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
The established madhhab of Ahmad, along with Ibn Sirin, Ath-Thawri, Ishaq, and the People of Opinion, prioritizes the most proficient reciter (*Aqra'*) to lead the prayer. Evidence for this is derived from the Hadith of Abu Mas'ud where the Prophet, peace be upon him, stated: "The people shall be led by the most proficient among them in the Book of Allah..." Furthermore, narration from Ibn 'Umar concerning the early Muhajirun in Quba' shows that the one most knowledgeable in Quran led them, and the Hadith of 'Amr ibn Salamah specifies leading by the one most knowledgeable in Quran. Since recitation is a pillar of prayer, the capable person should be prioritized.
Supporting text
The opposing view, held by 'Ata, Malik, Al-Awza'i, Ash-Shafi'i, and Abu Thawr, favors the most jurisprudentially knowledgeable (*Afqah*) person to lead, provided they can recite what is sufficient for the prayer, because jurisprudence is necessary for handling unforeseen issues during the prayer, similar to major leadership and judgment.