What are the specific Sunan Ratibah (regular accompanying Sunnah prayers) linked to the obligatory prayers?
Chapter on the Times When Prayer is Prohibited
Al-Mughni
Book of Prayer
Primary text
The confirmed Sunan Ratibah associated with the obligatory prayers total ten rak'ahs: two rak'ahs before Dhuhr, two rak'ahs after Dhuhr, two rak'ahs after Maghrib, two rak'ahs after Isha, and two rak'ahs before Fajr. This is based on the narration of Ibn 'Umar, who stated he memorized ten rak'ahs from the Prophet (peace be upon him) with these specific timings. The basis for the two rak'ahs before Fajr is also supported by a narration from Hafsa.
Supporting text
Abu Al-Khattab includes four rak'ahs before Asr as part of the Sunan Ratibah, based on a hadith invoking mercy upon one who prays four before Asr. Al-Shafi'i holds that there are four rak'ahs before Dhuhr based on Aisha's narration describing the Prophet praying four at home before leading Dhuhr prayer. However, the argument against these additions is that the narration for four before Asr is a motivation rather than establishing it as a confirmed Ratibah, given that Ibn 'Umar, who narrated the ten rak'ahs, did not record it. Furthermore, Aisha's narration concerning the pre-Dhuhr prayer has been reported differently, sometimes aligning with Ibn 'Umar's report of two.