Do the narrations supporting the two Qullah limit invalidate the view that only characteristic change causes impurity?
Chapter on what purification is achieved with regarding water
Al-Mughni
Book of Purification
Primary text
The two Qullah limit (Hadith) supersedes the general narrations concerning water purity (like the Hadith of Budha'ah and the one regarding animals drinking from water) because the specific ruling (Hadith of Two Qullahs) takes precedence over the general one. Furthermore, interpreting 'does not carry impurity' (lam yahmil al-khubth) to mean it becomes impure upon contact is unsound, as another narration states 'it is not rendered impure' (lam tunajjis), and if the two quantities were equal in ruling, setting a limit would be meaningless. The linguistic meaning implies resistance to impurity.
Supporting text
The argument that the general hadiths must be qualified is necessary because all scholars agree that water exceeding the limits defined by the opponents is pure. If qualification is necessary, qualifying based on the Prophet's specific statement is preferable to applying arbitrary reasoning.