Is the prerequisite act of Istinja (cleansing after defecation/urination) required for the validity of Wudu (ablution)?
Chapter on the Obligation of Purification
Al-Mughni
Book of Purification
Primary text
There is a view, supported by the apparent statement of Al-Khiraqi, that Istinja is a prerequisite for the validity of Wudu. If Wudu is performed before Istinja, it is invalid, analogous to the invalidity of Tayammum performed before removing an impurity that can be removed. The removal of the minor impurity involves cleansing with water or stones.
Supporting text
The sounder second narration states that Wudu is valid even if performed before Istinja, provided Istinja is performed afterwards using stones or by washing the private parts without direct hand contact. This view is held by Al-Shafi'i because Istinja is merely the removal of an impurity (Najasah), and therefore should not be stipulated for the validity of Taharah (purification), unlike the primary requirements for Wudu.