Is the prerequisite search for water required for the validity of Tayammum when water is unavailable due to an excuse?
Chapter on Tayammum
Al-Mughni
Book of Purification
Primary text
The searching for water is required for the validity of Tayammum when performed due to the excuse of water scarcity. This is the established view in the Maliki school and the position of Al-Shafi'i. Proof lies in the saying of the Almighty, "And if you find no water, then seek clean earth" (Quran 5:6), which necessitates establishing the state of not finding water, achievable only through searching. Furthermore, since the requirement for prayer is specific to this purification method when water is scarce, diligent effort in seeking water is incumbent, similar to seeking the Qibla.
Supporting text
It is narrated from Ahmad and supported by Abu Hanifa that searching for water is not required. The evidence cited is the Prophet's saying, "The earth is sufficient for you as long as you do not find water." Furthermore, if one is unaware of nearby water, the situation is the same as if one searched and found none.