Is sequence (tartib) or immediate succession (muwalat) required for the limbs during Ghusl (ritual bath)?

Chapter on Ghusl from Janabah (Major Impurity)

Al-Mughni

Book of Purification

Book 2 · Issue 1 · Bab 9

Open in Qurani

Primary text

Sequence and immediate succession are not required for the limbs during Ghusl when one holds that Ghusl suffices for Wudu (minor ablution). This is because Ghusl is a major act of worship that incorporates the minor act, thus nullifying the ruling of the lesser act, similar to how Umrah is incorporated into Hajj. Ahmad affirmed this principle. When asked about a man in *janaba* (major impurity) who performed Ghusl while wearing a tight ring, Ahmad stated that the area under the ring must be washed. If the rest of the Ghusl had dried, he must wash the area under the ring, as Ghusl is not restricted like Wudu, but rather comprehensive. The evidence for this is the command of Allah: {And if you are in a state of major ritual impurity, then purify yourselves} (Quran 5:6). If a person prays after performing Ghusl and then remembers an area was missed, he must wash that area and repeat the prayer.

Supporting text

The majority of scholars do not consider the separation of the Ghusl acts to invalidate it. However, Rabi'ah stated that whoever deliberately separates the parts of the Ghusl is required to repeat the entire Ghusl. Al-Layth agreed with this, and there is differing opinion attributed to Malik regarding this matter, with one view found among the Shafi'i school scholars.