Under what conditions may a person in a state of major impurity (Junub) remain in the mosque?
Chapter on the Obligation of Purification
Al-Mughni
Book of Purification
Primary text
If a person in a state of major impurity fears harm to themselves or their property, cannot exit the mosque, has no other place to go, or is unable to perform Ghusl or Wudu, they may perform Tayammum and then remain in the mosque. This interpretation aligns with the view of companions such as Ali, Ibn Abbas, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, Mujahid, and Al-Hasan ibn Muslim ibn Yanaq, who interpreted the exception "except as travelers" (Quran 4:43) to apply to those who are travelers unable to find water, thus permitting Tayammum.
Supporting text
A minority view among some scholars suggests that remaining is permissible without Tayammum because Tayammum does not lift the state of major impurity (Hadath). This view is rejected because it contradicts the interpretation held by the aforementioned companions, and because Tayammum is obligatory in place of purification when the means are unavailable for acts requiring purity, such as prayer. While Tayammum does not remove the underlying state, it substitutes for the required purification to permit the acts otherwise prohibited.