Is it permissible for one of the two competitors to commit to paying the stake if they lose, while the other has no obligation if they lose?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Racing and Archery
Primary text
It is permissible for one competitor to stipulate, 'If you beat me, you get ten, but if I beat you, you get nothing.' This is valid because one party is designated to be the guaranteed winner if they succeed, similar to when the Imam provides the stake. This arrangement is not considered gambling (qimar) because gambling requires that both parties risk loss or gain; here, one party faces no risk of loss.
Supporting text
It is reported that Malik prohibited this arrangement, considering it gambling. If the person who committed to pay loses, the winner takes the stake and possesses it as earned compensation in a guaranteed service contract (ja'alah).