Is a partnership valid if three parties contribute land, seeds, animals, and their labor among themselves, sharing the yield proportionally to their contributions?

Chapter on Sharecropping (Muzara'ah)

Al-Mughni

Book of Sharecropping (Musāqāh)

Book 24 · Issue 2 · Bab 2

Open in Qurani

Primary text

The partnership is valid (ja'iz) if three individuals own the land jointly, and they agree to cultivate it using their collective seeds, animals, and laborers, dividing the resulting yield proportionally based on their capital contributions. This ruling is upheld by Malik, Al-Shafi'i, Abu Thawr, and Ibn al-Mundhir. There is no known dispute regarding this case because no single partner is receiving preferential treatment over the others; their shares align with their respective contributions.