What is the distribution when the debt owed to the deceased is owed by a third party (a non-heir)?
General Chapter
Al-Mughni
Book of Tadbir (Deferred Emancipation)
Primary text
If the debt is owed by a non-heir, only one-sixth of the *mudabbar* is freed immediately. This is because the estate realized is only the slave; one-third of the slave's value is shared between the *mudabbar*'s freedom allocation and the legatee. Each son receives one-sixth, and the legatee receives one-sixth of the slave. The remaining one-third of the slave's freedom remains suspended. As the debt is collected, a portion of the *mudabbar* corresponding to one-sixth is freed for each collection increment. The collected amount is distributed among the two sons and the legatee in sixths. The legatee receives one-sixth of the collected amount plus one-sixth of the slave's value, fulfilling his right. Each son receives one-half of the collected amount plus one-third of the remaining portion, fulfilling their right. Ultimately, half of the *mudabbar*'s freedom is completed, corresponding to the legatee's total share.