Is the usurper liable for damage caused to usurped land through their actions, such as planting or building?

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The usurper is liable for any damage to the land resulting from their actions or the consequence thereof, including demolishing walls, flooding it, scraping off its topsoil, throwing stones into it, or any reduction in value caused by their planting or construction. This liability is established without dispute among the scholars and within the Hanbali school, as this constitutes destruction (*itlaf*), and immovable property is always guaranteed if destroyed.