Does a person inherit from someone who embraced Islam through him?
Chapter on Inheritance of Wala'
Al-Mughni
Book of Walā' (Patronage)
Primary text
The general consensus among scholars, including Al-Hasan, Ash-Sha'bi, Malik, Ash-Shafi'i, and the People of Opinion (Ahl ar-Ra'y), is that if a man embraces Islam through another man, the latter does not inherit from him based on that act. The primary evidence against inheritance in this case is the Prophetic saying, "Inheritance is only for the one who frees (a slave)," and the reasoning that the established legal means of inheritance are absent in this scenario. Furthermore, the supporting hadith, such as the narration by Rashid, is considered interrupted (mursal), and the narration by Abu Umamah is weak due to the inclusion of Muawiyah ibn Yahya As-Sadafi.
Supporting text
There is a differing opinion attributed to Ahmad, which holds that inheritance is established in this case. This view is also held by Ishaq. Furthermore, it is related from Ibrahim that the one who facilitated the conversion is entitled to the person's wala' (patronage/loyalty) and is responsible for paying his blood money (diya). Ibn Al-Musayyib stated that inheritance applies only if the converter is responsible for the diya ('aql) of the convert, otherwise not.