Who is liable for the blood money if a Muslim is killed when an archer shoots a hostile combatant who is shielding himself, without an immediate fear for the safety of other Muslims?
Chapter on Retaliation (Qawad)
Al-Mughni
Book of Wounds
Primary text
If the archer shoots the hostile combatant without fearing for the safety of Muslims, and the Muslim shield is killed, the archer must pay the blood money (*diyah*). This is because shooting in that specific circumstance was not permissible.