Is it permissible for those prohibited from receiving obligatory Zakat (such as the wealthy, the non-Muslims, or the relatives of the giver) to receive voluntary charity?
Chapter on Zakat on Sheep
Al-Mughni
Book of Zakat
Primary text
It is permissible for every person prohibited from receiving obligatory charity—including the wealthy, relatives of the giver, and the disbeliever—to be given and to accept voluntary charity. This is supported by the verse, {And they give food, in spite of love for it, to the needy, the orphan, and the captive} (Quran 76:8), where the captive at that time was a disbeliever. Furthermore, Asma bint Abi Bakr stated that when her polytheist mother came to her, the Prophet commanded her to maintain ties with her mother. Umar also gave a garment bestowed upon him by the Prophet to his brother. Additionally, when a Muslim spends on his family while seeking reward, it is considered charity for him, and the wife's sustenance is also charity, as stated by the Prophet to Sa'd.